This paper is for my Health Promotion Program on Diabetes – My Diabetes Health Promotion Program is to be a Diabetes Health Fair to be held within the Long Term care facility where I educate my Practical Nursing Students daily. My professor is using Turnitin when I submit it. I will need to upload other files for you. These are answers provided to my professor regarding my plan for my health promotion paper: From your point of view and readings this week, please briefly discuss your ideas: – From my own nursing experience, there have been a vast number of patients who have been diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus. There are three types of disease, Type 1.DM Type 2 DMand Gestational. With all three types, your body cannot make insulin. 28% of Americans with DM are undiagnosed, and approximately 86 million people have increased glucose levels that increase their risk for developing type 2 DM. When Diabetes is poorly controlled, disabling complications tend to be more severe, thereby making DM a complex public health challenge. Better health outcomes for people diagnosed with DM are possible with the use of preventive care practices. – What is your target group for your health promotion program/project and why? My target group for this DM project will be adults, age >45yrs. Nutritional status and weight management are key factors to assist and control high glucose levels, and this will be addressed. Adults over 45yrs to 70 yrs. who are obese or overweight should be screened for abnormal blood glucose, adults within this age group, are seen by their primary care physicians, and often do not present with obvious symptoms of Diabetes. It is beneficial for nurses and all clinicians to educate our patients, and to encourage Diabetes screening/Lab tests. Early intervention when there is a DM diagnosis is valuable to our patients well-being. – What factors do you need to consider (cultural, sociopolitical, economic, genetic, etc.) when planning for health promotion activity for this group? Diabetes can affect the young, middle age, and the elderly population. Clinicians should offer or refer persons with abnormal blood glucose to intensive behavioral counseling interventions to promote a healthy diet and physical activity. People from minority populations are more likely to be affected by Type 2 DM. African Americans, Hispanic/Latino Americans, American Indians, and some Asian Americans, and Native Hawaiians are at elevated risk for Diabetes. Lifestyle changes have proven beneficial in preventing or delaying the onset of DM in all cultures. Economically, the United States has spent billions of dollars researching Diabetes, and its management of the disease. Resource Healthy People 2020. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.healthypeople What ethical and legal issues should you consider when planning a health promotion activity for your chosen group? We must definitely think about ethical, as well as legal issues while planning a health promotion activity. The nurse should be open to all ethnicity, and be nonjudgmental in the quest for health promotion and patient education. Health is based on a persons understanding and interpretation. Health promotion and health maintenance education are completely necessary, but ethically, it would be beneficial to also allow patients to maintain autonomy at all times with their own healthcare decisions. If applicable, informed consent forms should be utilized. ( I will NOT need a consent form, as I will be involved in having a Diabetes health fair within the Long Term care facility where I educate my clinical practical nursing students, and the residents there will voluntarily attend the fair.) Health literacy is defined as the ability of an individual to access, understand, and use health-related information and services to make appropriate health decisions, and as nurses, we should try to be aware and accommodate the needs of our patients. It is good to remember, the health status of individuals and communities are influenced by social, economical and social determinants. References Pender, N. J., Murdaugh, C. L., & Parsons, M. A. (2015). Health Promotion in Nursing Practice, Seventh Edition.Upper Saddle River: Pearson What theory do you choose for your proposed Health Promotion Program and why? The Theory that my professor prefers me to address in my paper is Theory of Reasoned Action and Theory of Planned Behavior. The TRA is based on the assumption that both attitudes and subjective norms are amendable to change. Theory of Reasoned Action suggests that a person’s behavior is determined by his/her intention to perform the behavior and that this intention is, in turn, a function of his/her attitude toward the behavior and his/her subjective norm. The best predictor of behavior is intention. Intention is the cognitive representation of a person’s readiness to perform a given behavior, and it is considered to be the immediate antecedent of behavior. This intention is determined by three things: their attitude toward the specific behavior, their subjective norms and their perceived behavioral control. The theory of planned behavior holds that only specific attitudes toward the behavior in question can be expected to predict that behavior. How are you going to assess the needs of your target group? My target group for my Health Promotion program are adults who have been diagnosed with Diabetes Mellitus within the age group of 45 years and older. I will utilize questionnaires and individual semi structured interviews to assess for each persons knowledge and basic understanding of their Diabetes diagnosis and focus on what their understanding is of the necessary healthy food choices associated with the diabetic low carb diet and the need to frequently check their blood glucose levels. Frequent blood sugar checks will assist the client to observe for abnormal glucose levels (increased or decreased) and render themselves treatment, as prescribed by their primary physician. Healthy low carb food choices, coupled with increased activity, will prevent obesity in the diabetic client. Obesity can lead to poor health outcomes in DM. What is your action plan for your HP program/project? The theory I chose for my health promotion project is Theory of Planned Behavior/Reasoned Action. The theory of planned behavior is a theory which predicts deliberate behavior, because behavior can be deliberative and planned. With the correct treatment and education of healthy lifestyle changes, Diabetes can be prevented, and for those already diagnosed, blood glucose levels can be better controlled. Complications will need to be assessed considering the newly identified comorbidities. Lifestyle change has been proven effective in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes in high-risk individuals. Based on this, new public health approaches are emerging that may deserve monitoring at the national level. For example, the Diabetes Prevention Program research trial demonstrated that lifestyle intervention had its greatest impact in older adults and was effective in all racial and ethnic groups. (Healthy People, 2020.) My goal is to educate the target group in the importance of maintaining a healthy weight by choosing healthy food choices, in addition to the education of frequent blood glucose monitoring. What are the barriers that you anticipate? Barriers that would be anticipated in this health promotion project could be that clients with the diagnosis of DM, who consent to participate in the project, but show no interest in the behavioral changes necessary to prevent further complications of Diabetes management. Simply stated, clients may be set in their own way regarding food choices and blood glucose testing. Another barrier is that the client would agree to participate in the target group, and then choose to resign. Financial barriers could be present as many clients may have little money to buy and consume healthy diabetic food choices for their households, as well as transportation issues to food shop appropriately for these foods. Low levels of self-efficacy along with depression, due to DM diagnosis, can hinder the education process of Diabetes health maintenance for some individuals. Stigma can be an issue within the diabetic client. Diabetes is a well-hidden disease process until the signs and symptoms present themselves. The Diabetic client often conceals their diagnosis, and they appear normal while in the company of well individuals. Reference Healthy People 2020. (.). Retrieved from What is your goal/outcomes and measurable objectives for your program/activity? Objectives for my Diabetes Health Promotion Program 1. 75% of patients with DM at the Long term care facility will be educated on normal blood sugar levels in 6 months from the beginning of the proposed health promotion program. 2. 75% of patients with DM at the Long term care facility will have an increased knowledge about daily healthy eating and eat more fruits and vegetables in 6 months from the beginning of the proposed health promotion program. 3. 75% of patients with DM at the Long term care facility will maintain blood sugars within normal limits in 6 months from the beginning of the proposed health promotion program. 4. 75% of patients with DM at the Long term care facility will be able to successfully self-manage their blood sugar testing within 6 months from the beginning of the proposed health promotion program. How you will measure/evaluate the short-, medium- and long-term outcomes of your health promotion activity? I will measure the short-medium -long term outcomes with observation, feedback from residents, health records, and patient surveys. Thank you for your insightful questions. I hope I may answer them appropriately, so I know in what exact direction I am taking with the Health Promotion project. I feel that I would like to make posters to have a Health Fair on Diabetic Education and be able to further educate adults to understand the importance of this disease process, as well as Diabetes self-management. The Diabetes Health Fair would most likely take place in my Rehab/LTC facility where I educate my Clinical LPN students at Prism Career Institute each day. In the facility, there are many inpatients who are admitted with a past medical history of Diabetes along with their primary admitting diagnosis. There are licensed nurses (RN & LPN), Nurse Practitioners, Dietician, Dietary Dept, Print Shop, Social Workers, Physicians, as well as a management team of( Director of Nursing, Assistant DON, RN Nurse educator, and Nursing Home Administrator present in the facility at all times). There is also a Medical Director (MD) who comes into the facility weekly. Inpatients can be free to choose if they would like to attend the health fair, and there will be no demand to attend the educational event. The health fair is optional for these inpatients. My students, as well as nursing personnel may assist in the Diabetes education and perform blood glucose testing via accu-chek for those who desire a BS reading. There will be no consent form needed, as attending the health fair will be optional. We will also include education for self-management of blood sugars via the use of a glucose monitoring device, as well as healthy food choices to avoid obesity to keep blood sugar levels within a normal range. (The Dietary team can assist with the healthy eating education). What are your strategies for involving the communities? The strategies that will be used to involve the target group in the long-term care facility will be to provide information to those residents who choose to participate in the Diabetes health promotion program. The Diabetes information provided to them will enable resident decision making, and self-efficacy, which will promote autonomy within the target group population. Empowering the resident is key, and self-literacy will be included to allow the residents who choose to attend and participate at the Diabetes health promotion fair, an opportunity to take an active part assisting with their diabetic care How do you propose to sustain your HP project? Sustainability includes helping clients maintain the health benefits achieved through the initial program, continuing the program long term, or building the capacity of community to continue the program. Follow up communication with the resident target group is a vital part of sustainability to my Diabetes health promotion program. The stakeholders involved in the Diabetes health fair will assist with follow up phone calls or surveys to support the residents in their understanding and self-monitoring of blood sugar testing and normal blood sugar levels, as well as healthy food choices. Hopefully, there will be enough positive feedback and outcomes noted from residents to sustain the Diabetes health promotion program. What are the possible policy implications of your project? The possible policy implications noted could be financial. Is the Diabetes health promotion program cost-effective? The Diabetic health fair will cost the facility money in that the dietary department will provide healthy foods (fruits/vegetables) snacks to the residents and families who will attend, and these foods may not be budgeted in the facilities food supply for meals or snacks. Another financial burden could be the cost of the educational materials needed to provide essential Diabetes teaching to the residents. References Pender, N. J., Murdaugh, C. L., & Parsons, M. (2015). Health promotion In nursing practice (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson. RUBRIC FOR PAPER RUBRIC FOR HEALTH PROMOTION PAPER (100 points; % of the grade) Paper is DUE prior to the final oral presentation (please see weekly schedule) The paper represents the culmination of student learning and must present a plan for health promotion intervention (., health promotion activity/ /program). The student should select a topic and an objective from the Healthy People 2020 initiative to address a health risk behavior or health issue in her/his health promotion project. The student should select a target group for the proposed health promotion project. The student should discuss the environmental, genetic, economic and cultural issues related to the selected health risk behavior/health issue for the target group. The student should select a health promotion theory or model; justification of selection should be given. The paper should include plan and evaluation of the proposed health promotion project. All topics and target groups must be approved by the professor before the paper is started. The length of the paper should be 10 to 12 pages, excluding cover page, reference list and appendices. Appendices (. instruments, figures) are not limited. The paper should follow APA (6th edition) writing and formatting styles (., Times New Roman 12 point font and double spaced). This paper is the springboard for the oral presentation of the health promotion project. The paper should be submitted in a word document format via Canvas. Rubric: Health Promotion (HP) Paper Criteria Possible points Earned Points/Comments Abstract Briefly present the content of the paper, 150-200 words 5 Introduction o Describe the health issue/health risk behavior (HRB) and connect chosen HRB with Healthy People 2020 topics and objectives o Apply health data from national or international sources to support the need for health promoton (HP) intervention 20 Assessment of the target group o Describe the target group with rationale for selection o Identify the determinants of health relevant to the health issue/HRB of the chosen target group (., health, environmental, genetic, economic, and cultural issues) 20 Health Promotion Theory or Model o Select and briefly describe the HP theory/model to be used for proposed HP intervention o Provide rationale for selection of the chosen HP theory/model as applicable for the HP activity and target group 15 Health Promotion Project o Formulate the goal, outcomes and measurable objectives for the proposed HP program o Identify possible key stakeholders o Develop and describe a plan for HP project/activity to address selected HRB in chosen target group (what, when, where and how) o Propose a timeframe for completion of the program/objectives and outcomes o Discuss barriers for the proposed activity/program o Describe how the outcomes and effectiveness of the program/activity will be measured o Discuss implications of the HP project/activity for population health/nursing practice, education and policy 30 References/Grammar/Syntax/APA Format o Correct spelling, punctuation, spacing, sentence structure. Correct use of words & tense o Paper logically organized and structured. Use of headings, subheadings, cover page, running head, citations in text, reference list etc. are in accordance with APA (6th ed) manual. o Include at least six (6) primary sources 10 TOTAL SCORE 100
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