Investigate behaviors that place persons at risk for contracting selected communicable diseases. Knowledge related to the risk of communicable diseases has changed in recent years. Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs), once thought to be a disease of the past, have recently emerged as new diseases and drug resistant strains of old disease. Left untreated, STDs result in poor pregnancy outcomes, infertility, and cervical cancers. There is also a problem with co-infection; one STD increases the susceptibility to other STDs, such as the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p. 317). Transmission occurs through exposure to blood, semen, transplanted organs, vaginal secretions, and breast milk. Several of the communicable diseases (e.g., Hepatitis B) and all STDs are acquired through high risk behaviors include IV drug use, frequent sexual encounters, unprotected sex, and men who have sex with men are examples of behaviors than can be avoided or changed (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p. 320-321). The groups with the highest prevalence for Hepatitis B are IV drug users, persons with STDs, personals with multiple sex partners, immigrants, health care workers, hemodialysis patients, and inmates of correctional facilities. Hepatitis B cases have declined since the HBV vaccine has become available (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, 327-328). The onset of AIDS, HIV, Hepatitis, and drug resistant TB has led to new legislation, increased infection control practices and objectives developed by the Healthy People 2020 Report to evaluate the progress toward decreasing communicable diseases by the year 2020, including reducing the rate of HIV transmission, and reducing the number of new AIDs cases among the vulnerable members of the population (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2012, p. 317). Reference: Stanhope, M. & Lancaster, J. (2012). Public health nursing: Population-centered health care in the community. (8th ed). St. Louis, MO: Mosby. Learning Activity #4: Risk Behaviors for Communicable Disease Discussion Read Chapter 14 in your Stanhope and Lancaster textbook. The increasing incidence, morbidity, and mortality of specific communicable diseases highlight a need for nurses to educate clients about ways to prevent communicable diseases. Write two to three paragraphs that include the following: Use the observations of risky behavior that you observed during the windshield survey. Identify to whom one reports communicable diseases (such as HIV), in the selected community ( DOUGLAS COUNTY – GEORGIA). Discuss the role of the community nurse in providing preventive care for communicable disease Cite a minimum of one source from the scholarly literature.
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